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来源：大发平台娱乐2024-08-03 17:48

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中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******

　　中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文·麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。

　　资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者沙晗汀摄

　　由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。

　　麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。

　　一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。

　　此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。

　　作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。

　　美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。

　　这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。

　　从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。

　　两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。

　　House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy

　　(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".

　　The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.

　　Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.

　　On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.

　　On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.

　　Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.

　　As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.

　　But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.

　　CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.

　　This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.

　　Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.

　　From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.

　　Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.

　　The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.

醉美冰雪季非遗过大年——第二届黑龙江冰雪非遗周即将启幕******

　　弦歌不辍，薪火相传。第二届黑龙江冰雪非遗周将于1月17日在哈尔滨防洪纪念塔广场及步行街启幕，旨在进一步宣传推广黑龙江非遗资源，推动非遗保护利用更好服务于经济社会发展，促进文旅深度融合，助力冰雪旅游发展。

　　第二届黑龙江冰雪非遗周由省文化和旅游厅主办，黑龙江日报报业集团、哈尔滨市文化广电和旅游局和哈尔滨市道里区人民政府联办。活动现场将搭建“党的二十大报告金句”展板、“牢记嘱托奋进新时代”展板、中式阁楼非遗展区、红灯笼长廊、彩灯馆、红灯笼馆，组织“非凡十年·龙江——百人百米百图剪纸展”，举办“潮起龙江·非遗迎春灯光秀”，布置室内非遗展示展销区和黑龙江世居少数民族现场歌舞互动活动等内容。

　　连续10天上演非遗迎春灯光秀

　　开幕式当天，将对2022“龙江非遗年度人物”进行颁奖。游客和市民在现场除了可欣赏黑龙江少数民族传承人着赫哲族、鄂伦春族等民族传统服饰表演的歌舞外，还可与非遗传承人进行歌舞互动。

　　持续10天晚上、200组激光灯，极具科技感，绚丽多彩的“潮起龙江·非遗迎春灯光秀”，将为游客带来一场视觉盛宴。

　　红灯笼长廊打造网红打卡地

　　本次活动不仅设有“党的二十大报告金句”展板和“牢记嘱托奋进新时代”展板专区，还将举办由我省百名剪纸传承人剪刻的“非凡十年·龙江——百人百米百图剪纸展”。

　　长80米，悬挂3000个样式各异的红灯笼长廊内，悬挂20幅麦秸画、10幅木版年画作品供游客观赏。高低错落的红灯笼，红红火火的节日气氛，必将成为游客新的网红打卡地。

　　多彩非遗作品彰显独特魅力

　　本次活动特搭建彩灯馆和潮起非遗大舞台，其中彩灯馆将展出我省100个彭氏灯彩和500个省外灯彩作品，同时展出4幅兰西挂钱传承人剪刻的高3米、宽1米“四大精神”剪纸作品。潮起非遗大舞台将展示渤海靺鞨绣、麦秆剪贴、美江木艺、金漆镶嵌工艺、黑陶、布艺、木雕、山核桃雕刻等传统技艺作品。周边还有21个展柜展出唐三彩、鱼皮、狍皮等150件非遗作品。

　　另外，本次活动特别在步行街左侧的哈尔滨印象城（原万达广场）内，设置了室内非遗展示展销区，在展销区内，组织了30余项非遗项目进行展销，其中包括国家级项目麦秆剪贴、渤海靺鞨绣、刀剑锻制技艺、赫哲族鱼皮制作技艺、桦树皮制作技艺、省级项目金漆镶嵌工艺、手工布艺、山核桃工艺、黑陶制作技艺、桦树皮画、青牛葫芦制作技艺、剪纸等项目。在室内展区，同时也展出了省非遗中心设计制作的6款共30组龙江非遗伴手礼盒。

　　在室内展区，同样采用了新年对联、中国结等传统节日元素，营造出了新年喜庆、祥和的节日氛围，为室内展区增加了一抹新年亮色。