资料图:日本福岛第一核电站。
2011年,福岛核电站事故发生后,大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋,对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害,数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日,作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。
日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由,在2021年4月13日,正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多,日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。
日本政府辩称,这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全,甚至“可以喝”,这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。
事实上,经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质,核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收,长期来看,将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁,最终危害人类健康。
因此,核污水排海计划推出后,遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示,福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中,约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场,反对该计划。
日本政府认为,核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案,但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海,核污水会随着洋流流动,其影响势必会跨越国界,危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。
《韩国经济新闻》发文称,相关研究认为,福岛核污水如果排放入海,约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域,该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。
德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告,若日本将所有核污水排入海中,不到半年,整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁,包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。
日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国,有义务保护海洋环境。然而,在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上,日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。
国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估,但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论,并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下,日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设,这是极不负责任的行为。
太平洋不是日本的下水道,日本必须正视各方合理关切,在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后,制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远,若只顾眼前,执意将核污水排放入海,不仅其自身,周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单,其后果必将会危害数代人。
Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business
By John Lee
(ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.
Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.
The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.
On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.
The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.
In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.
Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.
The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.
The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.
The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.
According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.
As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.
However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.
Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.
The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.
If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.
上海市虹口区嘉兴路街道——让社区服务更精细****** 上海市虹口区嘉兴路街道—— 让社区服务更精细(新时代新征程新伟业) 穿上西装、打好领带,86岁的陈可明(化名)显得精神了许多。 “一会儿要去驿站表演节目呀,开心吧!”凑到陈可明耳边,老伴李为梅大声说道。 锁好门,两位老人牵着手,缓步走向上海虹口区市民驿站嘉兴路街道第一分站。“距离很近,七八分钟就到。这里每天都有活动、有餐食,就像我们的‘第二个家’。” 通过合理布局市民驿站、长者照护之家、社区食堂、智慧健康小屋等,如今嘉兴路街道已形成15分钟社区养老服务圈,为老年人就近就便提供日托、助餐、助洁、助医等服务。 “2018年11月6日,习近平总书记在虹口区市民驿站嘉兴路街道第一分站考察时指出,党中央高度重视养老服务工作,要把政策落实到位,惠及更多老年人。”嘉兴路街道党工委书记刘俊说,“我们牢记总书记嘱托,将持续完善社区为老服务体系,让老年人安享幸福晚年。” 打造15分钟养老服务圈 上午9点,推开市民驿站二楼日间照料中心的门,歌声飘然而至。陈可明神情陶醉,正指挥几位老人排演。一旁,李为梅举着手机,为他们拍照留念。 去年,陈可明罹患阿尔茨海默病。儿女不在身边,李为梅一人照顾老伴。“得亏有这市民驿站,不然真熬不住。”李为梅说。得知市民驿站开设了日间照料中心,老两口几乎每天都来,“早上8点半来,下午4点离开,有护理员全程带着做手指操、表演节目,老陈还在合唱队里当起了指挥。” 老伴有人照护,李为梅也有了空闲时间,跟着几个老姐妹跳起了扇子舞。 在虹口区,市民驿站赢得了众多老年人点赞。“现在每个街道都至少建有3到4个市民驿站,为老年人提供日托、助餐、助洁、助医等服务。”虹口区养老服务发展中心主任王青介绍,各街道把最大的市民驿站作为枢纽式的“社区综合为老服务中心”,形成15分钟社区养老服务圈。 “现在我们街道有12个社区助餐点。不管从街道的哪个小区出发,10分钟内就能吃上热乎饭。”没法出门的时候,李为梅会申请上门送餐。 嘉兴路街道着力推进为老服务精细化。“以市民驿站嘉兴路街道第一分站为例,驿站的诊所增加了多个中医养生项目;日托所增加了热疗床、智慧养老设备。”刘俊说,“贯彻落实党的二十大报告提出的‘推动实现全体老年人享有基本养老服务’要求,我们将优化服务供给,分类提供养老保障、生活照料、康复照护、社会救助等适宜服务。” 探索“管家式”养老服务 之前,80岁的罗阿婆家里用的是砖砌的浴缸。随着年龄增长,洗澡越来越费劲,特别担心摔着碰着。 利用嘉兴路街道开展适老化改造契机,与罗阿婆结对的养老顾问潘海峰帮老人递交了浴室改造申请,拿到3000元补贴,并全程代办相关手续。之后,施工队进场施工,一周多时间就改造完毕。 在虹口区,像潘海峰这样的养老顾问已有474名。虹口区进一步打造“管家式”养老服务,制定服务清单。 “我们在市民驿站、居委会设置养老顾问点,对街道的高龄、独居、失能老人开展排查摸底,组织282名志愿者、网格员与养老顾问一起逐户上门问需,并与上千位有需求的老人结对。”刘俊介绍。 29岁的潘海峰是嘉兴路街道飘鹰居委会的老龄事业专职干事,自兼任养老顾问以来,共与54位老人结对。说起养老顾问为老服务的事,他如数家珍:飘鹰花苑小区中心处新改建了花园、增加了健身器材;一些居民楼入口新建了无障碍坡道…… 虹口区还积极推动养老顾问点从市民驿站向居民区延伸,并充分发挥社区志愿者和社会组织作用,为符合条件的老人提供助餐、助浴、陪医就诊等一对一上门服务。 “党的二十大报告提出‘采取更多惠民生、暖民心举措,着力解决好人民群众急难愁盼问题’。”虹口区副区长章维表示,将采取更多措施持续提升广大老年人的获得感、幸福感、安全感。 健全关爱服务体系 下午,72岁的周平峰在市民驿站旁的和平公园内快走2公里。一圈下来,他直奔公园西侧的室外智能体测仪,根据提示音熟练操作。不一会儿,身高体重、体成分、静态心率等指标已测出。 前不久,一些老年人向嘉兴路街道办事处反映:“在公园里锻炼完,能不能有个仪器检测一下身体情况?”一套多功能室外智能体测仪定价10多万元,还要协调公园提供安装空间,单凭嘉兴路街道的力量,解决难度大。 嘉兴路街道着力推进党群服务阵地融合发展,统筹协调驻区单位、“两新”组织、志愿者等力量和资源,共同为辖区群众解难题。最终,区绿化市容局、区体育局、街道办事处等单位党组织共同发力,促成室外智能体测仪落户和平公园,并由志愿者队伍负责日常维护。 开展互助养老,是嘉兴路街道健全老年人关爱服务体系的又一举措。 嘉兴路街道推出“老伙伴计划”,由228位低龄健康老人结对上千位有需求的老人,通过上门探访、情感支持和参与社区活动等形式开展互助服务。 市民孙东娣与5位高龄老人结对,每天都要挨家挨户走一趟,帮着做些力所能及的事。 “党的二十大报告提出‘建设人人有责、人人尽责、人人享有的社会治理共同体’。我是有52年党龄的老党员,也要出一份力。”孙东娣说,现在提供互助服务,等自己高龄时也能享受这种服务,“我觉得这也体现了人人有责、人人尽责、人人享有。”(人民日报 记者 刘士安 方 敏) (文图:赵筱尘 巫邓炎) [责编:天天中] 阅读剩余全文() |